Thank you for this. What sources are you drawing on for your description/understanding of schema theory?

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You would like a school strategy that a) helps students who struggle b) costs no money and takes almost no time c) has been studied in many contexts (including England) and d) works? Try "values affirmation": www.learningandthebrain.com/blog/an-amaz... (Don't let the squishy name put you off.)

Cog-sci research can be FANTASTICALLY useful for teachers. But, research conclusions are not always "right" in our contexts. How do we balance openness with skepticism? Perhaps we can think of "research-informed guidance" like a weather forecast... www.learningandthebrain.com/blog/weather...

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Trust me: you are NOT alone. Almost everyone I know in this field a) believes that "research shows handwriting > keyboarding," and b) thinks my pushback on this point is misplaced. And: gosh, resisting confirmation bias is SO DIFFICULT. I feel your pain...

Well, it's been tested in other studies. As noted below, I think most interpretations of those results ("handwriting > laptop notes") do not withstand minimal scrutiny. www.learningandthebrain.com/blog/student...

A recent study got A LOT of attention for showing that writing by hand fosters **memory and learning**. One small problem: the researchers DID NOT MEASURE how much participants remembered or learned. I am not making this up: www.learningandthebrain.com/blog/writing...