Insight 3: National values can mask large regional diversity in decarbonization strategies. For instance, some regional power sector mixes may be dominated by wind and solar, while others with lower resource quality could deploy more on nuclear or CCS.

Insight 4: Policy design uncertainty represents transition risk that may not be represented in scenario databases, which often look at reaching targets with carbon fees/caps. This figure shows how a tech-neutral approach (top) differs from one that doesn't allow CCS (bottom).