9. the surface was (before ploughing) interrupted by ponds, small and large, each surrounded by a low bank. They are called pingos. Like this one still surviving in Norfolk, they are remnants in the landscape of the ice age. (Photo freshwaterhabitats.org.uk/wp-content/upl…)

10. Briefly: in the last Ice Age as the water was forced out between chalk & gault, the springs froze creating larger and smaller lenses of ice. Over time a thin layer of soil began to cover them. When the ice eventually melted an embarked pond was left behind. Maybe