Ahmed Elbanna, Illinois: What is the range of spatial and temporal scales we need to understand in earthquake dynamics. About 15 orders of magnitude in time, and 12 in space! And each process at a particular scale affects the others at other scales – we need to understand them all!

Heather Savage, UCSC: We can use various proxies (thermal maturation of organic matter, clay mineralogy, melt formation, and more) to estimate the temperature rise in earthquakes. It relates to the frictional strength and slip of past earthquakes. And it seems to be depth-independent.