Inappropriate controls: Flu vaccine used as a control doesn’t match the experimental conditions; a valid control needs to mirror everything except the variable being tested. No positive controls: The study lacks essential positive controls to validate its claims.

Misleading figures: Figure 5 doesn’t even address the hypothesis; Figure 8 uses sperm cell still images, which is ineffective for measuring motility. Lack of ethics approval: The study involves clinical samples (blood and semen??) but has no mention of ethics approval, a huge red flag.