These kinds of things always make me think of the intermittent discussion in Cryptonomicon of noncomputable processes. I think some parts of our deep pattern matching draw on our entire humanity, every interconnection and synapse, in a way that we could never describe or map.

I can certainly say that language, verbal behavior, is a pretty thin film over a ton of much older evolved methods of dealing with the world—and formal logic is like a molecule-thick oil slick floating uneasily atop that.

That sounds rather like Jung's idea of the collective unconscious (I think... I'm not a Jung expert), the way you put it. I don't recall it put quite that way in CRYPTONOMICON but it's been a few years since I last re-read it.