Enter the methanogens! Most methanogens in the rumen are hydrogenotrophic methanogens, which means they reduce CO2 to methane using hydrogen or formate. This takes up all the excess hydrogen and formate. Methane doesn't go into solution, but instead leaves the animal. 11/?

The main challenge in methane emissions reduction is how to reduce rumen acidity. When methanogens are inhibited, most hydrogen leaves the rumen, but some of it stays behind. We're working on how to direct it into organic acids that the cow absorbs - that's the current research frontier. 12/12