And even among civil servants, a culture has been developed over the years (not just recently, though it's increased) of using more secondary & less primary legislation. It means less work, less aggravation, happier ministers. It’ll require quite a shift in approach.

One area where more secondary legislation is appropriate, though, is tech regulation (online safety, cyber security, AI, competition etc) - given how quickly the field evolves. But the same trade-off with democratic accountability applies and it's regulators who are filling the gap