Ho Chi Minh and Sukarno focused their anti-colonial efforts against military or government targets; the South African anti-apartheid cause, by and large, was not assisted by attacks on civilian targets.

Even the IRA typically had the forethought to either warn civilians before a bombing, or as with Lord Mountbatten, have a clear government target, with civilian casualties alongisde.

Ho used scorched earth tactics and executed collaborators after the war.