Actually just noticed that Google looks off too. No way every Edge user sees this, yet I even wiped the data & settings just in case and it's still the same. Something specific to my screen size maybe? (Pixel 7a)

Ahh I found what it is / the root of the bug. I have slightly bigger font size set in Android accessibility settings system-wide. All apps including Chrome handle it like a champ, so I even forgot I had set it, but in Edge it produces all these artifacts.