2bis. There must have been a few centuries between Proto-Germanic proper and runic Palaeo-Scandinavian to accommodate the Finnic (and Sámi) sound changes. 3. Proto-Germanic developed from Proto-Indo-European in Scandinavia/Baltic Sea Region. (continue reading👇🏻)

4. There is no continuity of “Sievers’ law” from Proto-Indo-European to Palaeo-Scandinavian 5. The precursory period of “allophonic” or “sub-phonemic” umlaut was very short. #langsky