Given these truths, we must call for multiple solutions. Those who wish to flee must have access to asylum. The bombing must stop. And the right of return must be ensured.

***It is only the looming threat of expulsion that allows Egypt to get away with keeping the border closed,. This same threat, paired with no guarantee of return, means that humanitarian action taken to help people flee could also facilitate crimes against humanity.***

At the same time, not one more civilian should be killed, unable to access refuge. This is why the right *to seek* asylum exists, and why states are forbidden from sending refugees back to danger.

The spectre of past displacement, evidence of intent to expel now, and desire of many Palestinians to stay must be heeded.

So what does a humanitarian solution look like? We argue that, like many other issues that have come up in this moment, we must hold multiple truths.

Such tactics make it near-impossible for anyone, not just Hamas, to live in Gaza. As Israel forces civilians to flee to even more limited areas, it’s unclear what will remain for them to return to.

3) The scale and tactics of the violence also matter. Damaging or destroying more than 45% of all housing, laying siege to a territory and denying civilians access to food, water and fuel coerces people to seek safety elsewhere.

2) There is evidence suggesting Israel has an intent to expel. From govt officials saying they are rolling out the Gaza Nakba to Bibi lobbying foreign govts to press Egypt to take in Palestinians, it's clear that permanent expulsion is on the table - if not even the preferred option for some

First, there are currently no guarantees that if Palestinians flee, they will be allowed to return. More than half of Gaza’s population are refugees, their families having fled during the Nakba. Given this, many hesitated to move South, and they may hesitate again if the border with Egypt is opened.

Beyond this, there are 3 key issues complicating calls to facilitate safe passage to flee within the strip or for flight across borders: