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Annals of Botany
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🎉Great news! The paper ‘Callose deficiency modulates plasmodesmata frequency and extracellular distance in rice pollen mother and tapetal cells’ in @annbot.bsky.social#freebotany.fyi/ag16q7#AoBpapers#PlantScience

Callose deficiency modulates plasmodesmata frequency and extracellular distance in rice pollen mother and tapetal cells
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🚜 Improving alfalfa’s ability to thrive on saline soils can help reclaim degraded lands. By enhancing salt tolerance, we can boost food security and environmental health. (7/7) 👉https://botany.fyi/z1v4s0 #Salinity#SaltTolerance#Plantscience

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🔬 Despite these adaptations, there are still challenges. Research into alfalfa’s salt tolerance mechanisms is limited by its complex genetics. However, biotechnology offers potential improvements for future salt-tolerant varieties. (6/7)

Figure swhoing up- and down-regulation of alfalfa flavonoid biosynthetic pathways under salt stress.
Green: up-regulated; red: down-regulated; the expression of the other genes is not significantly altered by salt stress; gray-dotted line: pathway is still unclear (Xiong et al. 2017; Liu et al. 2021).
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🌿 Alfalfa adapts by changing its root system, regulating hormones to maintain ion balance, and using specialized metabolite profiles. This resilience allows it to manage salt stress while maintaining crucial rhizobia associations. (5/7)

Figure with two panels showing contrasting strategies to deal with excess salt. The salt exclusion strategy (Panel A) employs different mechanisms than the salt inclusion strategy (Panel B); few plants use a combination of both or can switch between strategies.
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🧪 Salinity impacts plants by causing osmotic stress, ion toxicity, and secondary stress. Alfalfa’s complex genome and out-crossing nature complicate genetic studies, but it also offers a wide range of adaptive strategies. (4/7)

Figure with 6 panels showing a comparison of alfalfa growth in normal vs. salty conditions (150 mM NaCl). Under normal conditions, seeds typically germinate after 3 days (Panel A), but salt stress significantly slows this process (Panel B). In non-saline environments, leaves are larger and healthier with higher chlorophyll levels (Panel C), while in salty conditions, leaf size and chlorophyll are reduced (Panel D). Stems exposed to salt are slightly thinner with fewer vascular bundles (Panel F) compared to normal plants (Panel E). The primary root tip and cross-section show a smaller diameter and damaged root structure under salt stress (Panels G-J). Salt exposure also causes a color change in root nodules from pink (Panel K) to green (Panel L), with fewer and smaller nodules forming in salty conditions.
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🧬 Alfalfa is traditionally seen as moderately salt-tolerant. But new varieties show specific mechanisms that could make it a key crop for saline environments. These mechanisms are crucial for enhancing agricultural sustainability. (3/7)

Picture of alfalfa crop
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AO
Annals of Botany
@annbot.bsky.social
Bluesky feed for Annals of Botany articles.
305 followers14 following694 posts