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๐ŸŒฟ These findings advance our understanding of how cell wall components like callose influence the early stages of plant reproduction, offering new avenues for research in plant fertility and crop improvement. (8/8) ๐Ÿ‘‰ botany.fyi/ag16q7

Callose deficiency modulates plasmodesmata frequency and extracellular distance in rice pollen mother and tapetal cells
Callose deficiency modulates plasmodesmata frequency and extracellular distance in rice pollen mother and tapetal cells

AbstractBackground and Aims. Fertilization relies on pollen mother cells able to transition from mitosis to meiosis to supply gametes. This process involve

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๐Ÿ“Š The study concludes that the turnover of cellulose to callose in pollen mother cells is vital for maintaining both cell connections and optimal cell arrangement during meiosis. (7/8)

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๐Ÿšจ Another finding in the Osgsl5-3 mutant: increased distance between pollen mother cells and impaired premeiotic shaping. This suggests that callose plays a structural role in keeping cells organized for successful meiosis. (6/8)

Figure with two panels showing extracellular distance between adjacent pollen mother cells increases when rice anthers enter meiosis in the Osgsl5-3 mutant. In panel A, the electron microscope images show the gap between the plasma membranes (marked by the red double arrow) of two neighboring pollen mother cells in wild-type (WT) and Osgsl5-3 mutant anthers during the premeiotic stage (Mei1). The dark gray line between the cells represents the middle lamella, rich in pectin. Scale bar = 1ฮผm. Panel B compares the distance between cells at three different interfaces in WT and Osgsl5-3 anthers, with all values normalized against the distance between tapetal cells (TC). The lines in each box represent the median, and asterisks indicate significant differences between the groups (*p โ‰ค 0.05, **p โ‰ค 0.01, ***p โ‰ค 0.001). The numbers below the graph indicate the sections analyzed for each cell interface and stage.
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๐ŸŒพ In a rice mutant lacking proper callose accumulation (Osgsl5-3), the reduction of plasmodesmata was even greater, suggesting callose is critical for maintaining cell-to-cell connectivity during this key reproductive stage. (5/8)

Figure showing plasmodesmata (PD) frequency changes during the transition to meiosis in Osgsl5-3 mutant rice anthers. The diagrams on the left show a cross-section of premeiotic anthers, highlighting the connections (PD in red) between pollen mother cells (PMC) and surrounding tapetal cells (TC). The middle images, taken using transmission electron microscopy, compare these connections in both wild-type (WT) and Osgsl5-3 mutant anthers. The right panels show how the number of PD connections per unit of cell wall changes in WT and Osgsl5-3 anthers during two stages: premeiotic interphase (Mei1) and early meiosis (Mei2). The graph bars include p-values (significance of the difference) and error bars representing the variation observed. Each dot represents the average PD frequency in an individual rice floret, and the numbers above indicate the sample sizes. Arrows point to membrane indentations at PD sites. Scale bar = 100 nm.
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๐ŸŒฑAuthors found that during the onset of meiosis in rice anthers, the cellulose in pollen mother cell walls decreases while a polysaccharide called callose is deposited. But why is this shift important? (4/8)

Figure with nine panels showing callose deposition in rice anthers during the transition from mitosis to meiosis. In wild-type (WT) plants and two mutant lines, Osgsl5-2 and Osgsl5-3, callose is not found in the anther chambers during the early mitotic stage (anther length โ‰ค 0.35 mm) (A, D, G). As the cells prepare for meiosis (anther length 0.35-0.45 mm), callose begins to form around the pollen mother cells in WT plants but is absent in the mutants (B, E, H). By early meiotic stages (anther length 0.5-0.55 mm), WT plants show callose accumulation at the center of the anther chamber, while little to no callose appears in the mutants (C, F, I). Scale bar = 20ฮผm.
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Figure showing callose deposition and Extracellular distance in Osgsl5-3 mutant anthers underpin differences in the shaping of pollen mother cells (PMC), using electron microscopy. (3/8)

Figure showing callose deposition and Extracellular distance in Osgsl5-3 mutant anthers underpin differences in the shaping of pollen mother cells (PMC), using electron microscopy.
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๐ŸŒพ Fertilization in plants relies on pollen mother cells transitioning from mitosis to meiosis, a complex process involving key molecular and cellular changes, including the remodeling of cell walls. But whatโ€™s the role of callose and cellulose turnover in this process? ๐Ÿค” (2/8)

Picture of pollen mother-cells in Lilium sp.
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Annals of Botany
@annbot.bsky.social
Bluesky feed for Annals of Botany articles.
305 followers14 following686 posts