According to @copernicusecmwf.bsky.social, last summer was the warmest on record for both Europe and globally. Since 1979, Europe's summers have warmed 2.7 times faster than the global average.

it is common wisdom that land based climates are warming faster than the global average, which is 2/3 ocean.

Such a warm summer in Europe would have been practically impossible in pre-industrial times. Under the SSP2-4.5 scenario, a summer like 2024 will be unusually cold in 2100.