Researchers discovered that SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B cells in long COVID patients are maintained for two years, similar to fully recovered individuals, offering insights into long-term immunity.

Memory B cells dominate recall responses, but how they react to novel antigens is not well understood. Li and Obraztsova et al. show that MBCs with similar antigen reactivity as those of naive B cells...

Researchers discovered diverse and stable immune cell populations in the upper respiratory tract, highlighting the critical role of mucosal immunity in COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases.

Autophagy is a regulated intracellular catabolic process by which invading pathogens, damaged organelles, aggregated proteins, and other macromolecules are d...

This Review provides a guide to the memory cells of the adaptive immune system, comprising memory T cells, memory B cells and plasma cells; it covers their formation, function, heterogeneity, localiza...

Immune imprinting occurs after repeated Wuhan-Hu-1 spike exposures, but it is unclear whether it can be overcome. Tortorici et al. show that the updated XBB.1.5 mRNA COVID-19 booster elicits neutraliz...